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| Year: | 1569 | ||||||||||||
| Short description: | John Hart's 'Orthographie' published | ||||||||||||
| Medium description: | Second of 3 works on English Spelling reform by John Hart, fully titled 'An Orthography containing the due order and reason, how to write or paint the image of man's voice, most like to the life or nature' Also includes description of organs of speech, definition of vowels and consonants, distinguishes between front and back vowels and voiced and voiceless consonants, and mentions the aspiration of voiceless plosives. Included his notes on punctuation from his 1551 work in a condensed form but with the addition of suggesting that the exclamation mark and question mark should proceed the sentence (Salmon). Suggests that educated London speech is the variety that 'every reasonable English man' will aim to emulate. | ||||||||||||
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- Howatt, A. P. R. (1984). A History of English Language Teaching. Oxford: Oxford University Press [p.83]
- Baugh, A. C. & Cable, T. (1993). A History of the English Language 4th edition. : Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group [p.205]
- Knowles, G. (1979). A Cultural History of The English Language. London: Arnold [p.85]
- Freeborn, Dennis (1992). From Old English to Standard English. Basingstoke: McMillan Publishers Ltd [p.124]
- Crystal, David (2005). The Stories of English. London: Penguin [p.266]
- Alan Cruttenden (2001). Gimson's Pronunciation of English: sixth edition. : Edward Arnold (Publishers) Limited [p.58]
- Crystal, David (2012). Spell It Out: The Singular Story of English Spelling. London: Profile Books Ltd [p.78]
- Lass, Roger (1999). The Cambridge History of the English Language: Volume iii 1476-1776. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press [p.7]
- Salmon, Vivian (1999). Orthography and Punctuation. in Lass, Roger. The Cambridge History of the English Language: Volume iii 1476-1776. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp.13-55 [p.20]